Marriage and the law (Hindu): India - Revision history

Jyoti: /* Saptapadi/ Saat pherey */

2026-03-29T07:11:00Z

‎Saptapadi/ Saat pherey

Jyoti: /* The nature of a Hindu marriage */

2025-03-05T15:27:45Z

‎The nature of a Hindu marriage

Jyoti: /* Rituals */

2024-05-22T14:37:49Z

‎Rituals

Jyoti: /* Marriage with minor girl */

2024-05-07T11:21:39Z

‎Marriage with minor girl

Jyoti: /* Marriages not valid without them */

2024-04-18T09:05:05Z

‎Marriages not valid without them

Jyoti: /* Self respect marriages */

2023-12-07T21:35:09Z

‎Self respect marriages

Jyoti: /* Marriage with minor girl */

2023-11-16T18:54:21Z

‎Marriage with minor girl

Jyoti: /* Second marriage */

2023-09-05T19:18:32Z

‎Second marriage

Pdewan: /* Valid even if plea against divorce is pending: SC */

2023-08-29T10:36:01Z

‎Valid even if plea against divorce is pending: SC

Jyoti: /* Marriage with minor girl */

2023-02-03T06:45:03Z

‎Marriage with minor girl

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:11, 29 March 2026
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	"The Act provides 'saptapadi' as an essential ceremony... Whether the ceremony of 'kanyadaan' was performed or not, would not be essential for a just decision in this case," Justice Subhash Vidyarthi of HC said and junked Yadav's revision plea.		"The Act provides 'saptapadi' as an essential ceremony... Whether the ceremony of 'kanyadaan' was performed or not, would not be essential for a just decision in this case," Justice Subhash Vidyarthi of HC said and junked Yadav's revision plea.
		+
		+	= Scheduled tribes=
		+	== STs following Hindu customs cannot be excluded from Hindu marriage law: HC==
		+	[https://epaper.indiatimes.com/article-share?article=06_03_2026_013_004_cap_TOI Partha.Behera, March 6, 2026: ''The Times of India'']
		+
		+
		+	Raipur : Members of the scheduled tribe (ST) community who follow Hindu customs and traditions cannot be excluded from the provisions of Hindu Marriage Act, 1955, Chhattisgarh HC has ruled.
		+
		+	A division bench comprising Justice Sanjay K Agrawal and Justice Arvind Kumar Verma passed this ruling recently while setting aside a family court order that had rejected a mutual divorce petition involving a tribal husband and his wife who belonged to the Scheduled Caste.
		+
		+	The couple had approached a family court in Jagdalpur in Bastar, seeking dissolution of their marriage under Section 13B of the Hindu Marriage Act. The couple, married since Apr 15, 2009, had been living separately since Apr 2014.
		+
		+	The Jagdalpur family court rejected their application on Aug 12 last year, citing Section 2(2) of the Act, which states the Act does not apply to ST unless the Centre directs otherwise by notification.
		+
		+	HC said both parties had explicitly stated that their marriage was solemnised according to Hindu rites, including the ceremony of “saptapadi” and said they testified they followed Hindu traditions rather than tribal customs.
		+
		+	“When members of a tribe voluntarily choose to follow Hindu customs, traditions, and rites, they cannot be kept out of the purview of the provisions of the Act of 1955,” the high court observed. HC said Section 2(2) is a “measure of protection” for tribal customary laws and not a “measure of exclusion” for those who have become “Hinduised.”
		+
		+	The bench relied on SC rulings, noting if evidence shows tribals following Hindu traditions, they should be governed by Hindu law in matters of succession and marriage.

	[[Category:India\|MMARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIAMARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIAMARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIA		[[Category:India\|MMARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIAMARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIAMARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIA

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:27, 5 March 2025
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	HC rejects woman’s plea to declare her legally wedded wife so she can get financial benefits		HC rejects woman’s plea to declare her legally wedded wife so she can get financial benefits
		+
		+	=Dissolution=
		+	==Can’t dissolve Hindu marriages in a year: HC==
		+	[https://epaper.indiatimes.com/article-share?article=29_01_2025_020_016_cap_TOI Rajesh Kumar Pandey TNN, January 29, 2025: ''The Times of India'']
		+
		+
		+	Prayagraj : A Hindu marriage is “sacrosanct” and cannot be dissolved within a year of the wedding on grounds of mutual incompatibility unless it involves “exceptional hardship or depravity”, the Allahabad high court said while rejecting a couple’s petition challenging a family court’s refusal to annul their union.
		+
		+	The division bench of Justices Ashwani Kumar Mishra and Donadi Ramesh cited Section 14 of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955, which limits divorce filings within a year of marriage to cases where the mentioned problems exist.
		+
		+	“On routine grounds of mutual incompatibility between the parties, it would not be open for the parties to seek exemption from the one-year limitation in filing such a petition,” the bench said in its Jan 15 ruling.
		+	The couple had filed for mutual dissolution of their marriage under Section 13-B of the same legislation, which the principal judge of Saharanpur family court refused to accept on the ground that the minimum period they needed to spend as husband & wife hadn’t elapsed.
		+
		+	The HC bench took the same line, specifying that there was “no exceptional circumstance”, as specified in Section 14 of the Act, to allow the couple to file for divorce within a year of them getting married. The court left it open for the couple to move a fresh application after a year of their marriage.
		+
		+	[[Category:India\|MMARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIAMARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIAMARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIA
		+	MARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIA]]
		+	[[Category:Law,Constitution,Judiciary\|MMARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIAMARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIAMARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIA
		+	MARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIA]]
		+	[[Category:Name\|ALPHABETMARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIAMARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIAMARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIA
		+	MARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIA]]
		+	[[Category:Society\|MMARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIAMARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIAMARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIA
		+	MARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIA]]

	=Marriage within the same gotra=		=Marriage within the same gotra=

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:37, 22 May 2024
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	“The advantage of registration is that it facilitates proof of factum of marriage in a disputed case. But if there has been no marriage in accordance with Section 7, the registration would not confer legitimacy to the mar- riage. We find that the registration of Hindu marriages under the said provision is only to facilitate the proof of a Hindu marriage but for that, there has to be a Hindu marriage in accordance with Section 7 of the Act inasmuch as there must be a marriage ceremony which has taken place between the parties in accordance with the said provision. In the absence of there being a valid Hindu marriage, the marriage registration officer cannot register such a marriage,” the bench said.		“The advantage of registration is that it facilitates proof of factum of marriage in a disputed case. But if there has been no marriage in accordance with Section 7, the registration would not confer legitimacy to the mar- riage. We find that the registration of Hindu marriages under the said provision is only to facilitate the proof of a Hindu marriage but for that, there has to be a Hindu marriage in accordance with Section 7 of the Act inasmuch as there must be a marriage ceremony which has taken place between the parties in accordance with the said provision. In the absence of there being a valid Hindu marriage, the marriage registration officer cannot register such a marriage,” the bench said.
		+
		+	=‘Sapinda’ marriages=
		+	==Constitutional validity of law prohibiting ‘Sapinda’ marriage upheld by HC==
		+	[https://epaper.indiatimes.com/article-share?article=25_01_2024_013_010_cap_TOI January 25, 2024: ''The Times of India'']
		+
		+	New Delhi: Delhi High Court has upheld constitutional validity of a provision of the Hindu Marriage Act which prohibits ‘Sapinda’ marriages between people related to each other through ancestors unless their custom allows them to do so. "If the choice of a partner in a marriage is left unregulated incestuous relationship may gain legitimacy,” a bench of acting Chief Justice Manmohan and Justice Manmeet PS Arora pointed out, while hearing a plea filed by a woman challenging Section 5(V) (conditions for a Hindu marriage) of the Hindu Marriage Act.
		+
		+	'Sapinda' relationship extends as far as the third generation (inclusive) in the line of ascent through the mother, and the fifth (inclusive) in the line of ascent through the father, the line being traced upwards in each case from the person concerned who is to be counted as the first generation. The Hindu marriage law prohibits Sapinda unions.
		+
		+	The woman assailed a family court's judgment declaring that the marriage between her and her distant cousin was solemnised in contravention of the provision of the Act and was held null and void.
		+
		+	Since HC in appeal refused to grant any relief, she filed a petition challenging the constitutional validity of the provision banning Sapinda marriages.
		+
		+	Stating that no tenable grounds in law for challenging the provision have been placed before the court, HC added that the petitioner has failed to plead any legal grounds for challenging the restriction imposed by the provision.
		+
		+	TNN
		+
		+	==‘Sapinda’ marriages: A backgrounder==
		+	[https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-law/incestuous-sapinda-marriages-9129281/ Ajoy Sinha Karpuram, Jan 29, 2024: ''The Indian Express'']
		+
		+
		+	'' Under the Hindu Marriage Act, a union between Hindu relatives is allowed only under very specific circumstances. But this is not necessarily the case in other countries. What is the law in Europe and the US? ''
		+
		+	Delhi High Court rejected a challenge to the constitutionality of Section 5(v) of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 (HMA), which prohibits marriage between two Hindus if they are “sapindas” of each other — “unless the custom or usage governing each of them permits of a marriage between the two”.
		+
		+	''' What is a sapinda marriage? '''
		+
		+	A sapinda marriage is one between individuals who are related to each other within a certain degree of closeness. Sapinda relationships for the purposes of the HMA are defined in Section 3 of the Act.
		+
		+	“Two persons are said to be sapindas of each other if one is a lineal ascendant of the other within the limits of sapinda relationship, or if they have a common lineal ascendant who is within the limits of sapinda relationship with reference to each of them,” Section 3(f)(ii) says.
		+
		+	Under the provisions of the HMA, on the mother’s side, a Hindu individual cannot marry anyone who is within three generations of them in the “line of ascent”. On the father’s side, this prohibition applies to anyone within five generations of the individual.
		+
		+	In practice, this means that on their mother’s side, an individual cannot marry their sibling (first generation), their parents (second generation), their grandparents (third generation), or an individual who shares this ancestry within three generations.
		+
		+	On their father’s side, this prohibition would extend up to their grandparents’ grandparent, and anyone who shares this ancestry within five generations.
		+
		+	If a marriage is found to violate Section 5(v) for being a sapinda marriage, and there is no established custom that allows such a practice, it will be declared void.
		+
		+	This would mean that the marriage was invalid from the very beginning, and will be treated as though it never took place.
		+
		+	''' Are there any exceptions to the prohibition against sapinda marriages? '''
		+
		+	Yes — the sole exception can be found within the same provision. As noted above, it arises when the customs of each individual permits sapinda marriages.
		+
		+	The definition of the word “custom” is provided in Section 3(a) of the HMA. It states that a custom has to be “continuously and uniformly observed for a long time”, and should have gained enough legitimacy among Hindus in a local area, tribe, group, or family, such that it has obtained “the force of law”.
		+
		+	A custom may not be protected even after these conditions are fulfilled. The rule in question must be “certain and not unreasonable or opposed to public policy” and, “in the case of a rule [that is] applicable only to a family”, it should not have been “discontinued by the family”.
		+
		+	''' On what grounds was the law challenged? '''
		+
		+	In 2007, the woman’s marriage was declared void after her husband successfully proved that they had entered into a sapinda marriage, and that the woman was not from a community where such marriages could be considered a custom. This ruling was challenged before the Delhi HC, which dismissed the appeal in October 2023.
		+
		+	The woman then approached the HC again, challenging the constitutional validity of the prohibition on sapinda marriages. She argued that sapinda marriages are prevalent even when there is no proof of custom. Hence, Section 5(v) which prohibits sapinda marriages unless there is an established custom, violates the right to equality under Article 14 of the Constitution.
		+
		+	The petitioner also argued that the marriage had received the consent of both families, which proved the legitimacy of the marriage.
		+
		+	''' What did the High Court say? '''
		+
		+	The Delhi High Court found no merit in her arguments.
		+
		+	A Bench of Acting Chief Justice Manmohan and Justice Manmeet Pritam Singh Arora held that the petitioner did not provide “stringent proof” of an established custom, which is necessary to justify a sapinda marriage.
		+
		+	The Delhi HC also held that the choice of a partner in a marriage can be subject to regulation. With this in mind, the court held that the woman did not present any “cogent legal ground” to show that the prohibition against sapinda marriages was violative of the right to equality.
		+
		+	''' Are marriages similar to sapinda marriages allowed in other countries? '''
		+
		+	In several European countries, the laws on relationships that are considered incestuous are less stringent than in India.
		+
		+	In France, the crime of incest was abolished under the Penal Code of 1810, so long as the marriage was between consenting adults.
		+
		+	This Code was enacted under Napoleon Bonaparte, and was also enforced in Belgium. A new Penal Code was introduced in Belgium in 1867 to replace the French code, but incest remains legal.
		+
		+	Portuguese law also does not criminalise incest.
		+
		+	The Republic of Ireland recognised same-sex marriages in 2015, but the law on incest has not been updated to include individuals in same-sex relationships.
		+
		+	Under Italian law, incest is a crime only if it causes a “public scandal”.
		+
		+	In the United States, incestuous marriages are banned in all 50 states, though incestuous relationships between consenting adults are allowed in New Jersey and Rhode Island.

	[[Category:India\|MMARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIAMARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIAMARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIA		[[Category:India\|MMARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIAMARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIAMARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIA

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:21, 7 May 2024
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	Though the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955, prescribes the minimum age of 18 years for women, it does not provide fornullifying marriage with a minor girl, the Karnataka HC said in a recent order.  A division bench headed byJustice Alok Aradhe made the observation while reversing the decision of a family court in Channapatna in Ramanagaradistrict, which declared null and void the marriage of a woman who was 16 years and 11 months old at the time of her wedding.  TNN		Though the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955, prescribes the minimum age of 18 years for women, it does not provide fornullifying marriage with a minor girl, the Karnataka HC said in a recent order.  A division bench headed byJustice Alok Aradhe made the observation while reversing the decision of a family court in Channapatna in Ramanagaradistrict, which declared null and void the marriage of a woman who was 16 years and 11 months old at the time of her wedding.  TNN
		+
		+	=Rituals=
		+	==Hindu marriage invalid without customary rituals: SC==
		+	[https://epaper.indiatimes.com/article-share?article=02_05_2024_001_028_cap_TOI May 2, 2024: ''The Times of India'']
		+
		+
		+	New Delhi: Observing that a Hindu marriage is a sacred process and not merely a “song and dance” and “wining and dining” event, Supreme Court has held that customary rituals and ceremonies prescribed under the Hindu Marriage Act must be strictly followed, failing which a marriage would be declared invalid even after it has been registered, reports Amit Anand Choudhary.
		+
		+
		+	''' Hindu marriage becomes binding only after ‘saptapadi’: SC '''
		+
		+	A bench of Justices B V Nagarathna and Augustine George Masih said Section 7 of the Act lists ‘ceremonies of a Hindu marriage’, which have to be complied with for validity of the marriage and if it is not done, then the marriage is not deemed valid in the eye of the law. Section 7 says a Hindu marriage may be solemnised in accordance with the customary rites and ceremonies of either party thereto. Where such rites and ceremonies include the ‘saptapadi’ (the taking of seven steps by the bridegroom and the bride jointly before the sacred fire), the marriage becomes complete and binding when the seventh step is taken.
		+
		+	“Where a Hindu marriage is not performed in accordance with the applicable rites or ceremonies such as saptapadi when included, the marriage will not be construed as a Hindu marriage. In other words, for a valid marriage under the Act, the requisite ceremonies have to be performed and there must be proof of performance of the said ceremony when an issue/controversy arises. Unless the parties have undergone such ceremony, there would be no Hindu marriage according to Section 7 of the Act and a mere issuance of a certificate by an entity in the absence of the requisite ceremonies having been performed would neither confirm any marital status to the parties nor establish a marriage under Hindu law,” the bench said.
		+
		+	The court passed the order while adjudicating the matrimonial dispute of a couple who are commercial pilots and they admitted that they did not comply with the ceremonies prescribed in Section 7 before getting their marriage registered. The court declared them not legally married and quashed their marriage certificate.
		+
		+	“The advantage of registration is that it facilitates proof of factum of marriage in a disputed case. But if there has been no marriage in accordance with Section 7, the registration would not confer legitimacy to the mar- riage. We find that the registration of Hindu marriages under the said provision is only to facilitate the proof of a Hindu marriage but for that, there has to be a Hindu marriage in accordance with Section 7 of the Act inasmuch as there must be a marriage ceremony which has taken place between the parties in accordance with the said provision. In the absence of there being a valid Hindu marriage, the marriage registration officer cannot register such a marriage,” the bench said.
		+
		+	[[Category:India\|MMARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIAMARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIAMARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIA
		+	MARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIA]]
		+	[[Category:Law,Constitution,Judiciary\|MMARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIAMARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIAMARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIA
		+	MARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIA]]
		+	[[Category:Name\|ALPHABETMARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIAMARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIAMARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIA
		+	MARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIA]]
		+	[[Category:Society\|MMARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIAMARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIAMARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIA
		+	MARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIA]]

	=Saptapadi/ Saat pherey=		=Saptapadi/ Saat pherey=

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:05, 18 April 2024
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	The court relied on Section 7 of Hindu Marriage Act, 1955, which provides that a Hindu marriage may be solemnized in accordance with the customary rites and ceremonies of either party thereto. Second, such		The court relied on Section 7 of Hindu Marriage Act, 1955, which provides that a Hindu marriage may be solemnized in accordance with the customary rites and ceremonies of either party thereto. Second, such
		+
		+	==Kanyadaan not essential, ‘saptapadi’ is: HC==
		+	[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/lucknow/kanyadaan-not-essential-under-hindu-marriage-act-saptapadi-is-says-hc/articleshow/109113332.cms April 8, 2024: ''The Times of India'']
		+
		+	''' ‘Kanyadaan’ not essential under Hindu Marriage Act, ‘saptapadi’ is: HC '''
		+
		+	LUCKNOW: 'Kanyadaan' isn't necessary for solemnisation of a marriage under Hindu Marriage Act, Allahabad high court has recently said.
		+
		+	Only 'saptapadi' (Sanskrit for 'saat phere') is an essential ceremony of such a marriage, Lucknow bench of HC said while hearing a revision petition filed by one Ashutosh Yadav.
		+
		+	Yadav, who had challenged an order passed by Lucknow additional sessions judge on March 6 while contesting a criminal case filed by his in-laws, had maintained before the trial court that his marriage under the Act mandated a 'kanyadaan' ceremony, which was not performed in his case.
		+
		+	"The Act provides 'saptapadi' as an essential ceremony... Whether the ceremony of 'kanyadaan' was performed or not, would not be essential for a just decision in this case," Justice Subhash Vidyarthi of HC said and junked Yadav's revision plea.

	[[Category:India\|MMARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIAMARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIAMARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIA		[[Category:India\|MMARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIAMARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIAMARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIA

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:35, 7 December 2023
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	Clarifying that the parties in the present case did not consider the “saptapadi” ceremony to be as essential as per their personal law, the court said that Section 7-A of the Hindu Marriage Act (Tamil Nadu State Amendment) would apply instead.		Clarifying that the parties in the present case did not consider the “saptapadi” ceremony to be as essential as per their personal law, the court said that Section 7-A of the Hindu Marriage Act (Tamil Nadu State Amendment) would apply instead.
		+
		+	=Sindoor=
		+	==Forcible application does not mean marriage: HC==
		+	[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/forcibly-applying-sindoor-does-not-mean-marriage-high-court/articleshow/105428072.cms Dev Kumar Pandey, Nov 23, 2023: ''The Times of India'']
		+
		+
		+	PATNA: The Patna high court has held that merely putting vermilion on a woman’s forehead under coercion does not constitute a marriage under Hindu law. A Hindu marriage is not valid unless the same act is voluntary and accompanied by the ritual of ‘saptapadi’ (seven steps taken by the bride and groom around the sacred fire), a division bench comprising Justices P B Bajanthri and Arun Kumar Jha ruled.
		+
		+	The bench on November 10 annulled a “forced” marriage, observing that the appellant, Ravi Kant, then a signalman in the Army, was abducted in Lakhisarai district of Bihar more than 10 years ago, and forced to apply vermilion on the respondent bride’s forehead at gunpoint.
		+
		+	“From bare perusal of the provisions of Hindu Marriage Act, it is obvious that the marriage becomes complete and binding when the seventh step is taken (around the sacred fire by the bride and groom). Conversely, if ‘saptapadi’ has not been completed, the marriage would not be considered to be complete,” the HC stated.
		+
		+	The appellant was abducted along with his uncle on June 30, 2013, when they had gone to offer prayers at a temple in Lakhisarai. Later that day, Ravi Kant was forced to “marry” the respondent.
		+
		+	Ravi’s uncle tried to lodge a complaint with the district police, who allegedly did not entertain him. Subsequently, Ravi filed a criminal complaint before the chief judicial magistrate’s court in Lakhisarai.
		+	He also moved the family court for annulment of marriage, which dismissed his plea on January 27, 2020.
		+
		+	Hearing his appeal, the HC bench said the family court’s findings were flawed and expressed surprise that the priest who gave evidence on behalf of the respondent had neither any knowledge about ‘saptapadi’, nor was he able to recall the place where the marriage rites were performed.

	[[Category:India\|MMARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIAMARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIAMARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIA		[[Category:India\|MMARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIAMARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIAMARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIA

@@ Line 118: / Line 118: @@
 Though the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955, prescribes the minimum age of 18 years for women, it does not provide fornullifying marriage with a minor girl, the Karnataka HC said in a recent order.  A division bench headed byJustice Alok Aradhe made the observation while reversing the decision of a family court in Channapatna in Ramanagaradistrict, which declared null and void the marriage of a woman who was 16 years and 11 months old at the time of her wedding.  TNN
-[[Category:India|MMARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIA
+=Saptapadi/ Saat pherey=
 MARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIA]]
-[[Category:Law,Constitution,Judiciary|MMARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIA
+[[Category:Law,Constitution,Judiciary|MMARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIAMARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIAMARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIA
 MARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIA]]
-[[Category:Name|ALPHABETMARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIA
+[[Category:Name|ALPHABETMARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIAMARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIAMARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIA
 MARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIA]]
-[[Category:Society|MMARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIA
+[[Category:Society|MMARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIAMARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIAMARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIA
 MARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIA]]

@@ Line 153: / Line 153: @@
 “The dissolution of marriage is complete once the decree is made, subject of course to appeal...,” the bench said.
 =See also=
 [[Age of marriage: India]]

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:36, 29 August 2023
Line 153:		Line 153:

	“The dissolution of marriage is complete once the decree is made, subject of course to appeal...,” the bench said.		“The dissolution of marriage is complete once the decree is made, subject of course to appeal...,” the bench said.
		+	=See also=
		+	[[Age of marriage: India]]
		+
		+	[[Child marriage: India]]
		+
		+	[[Marriage and divorce: Indian Muslims]]
		+
		+	[[Marriage and Hinduism]]
		+
		+	[[Marriage and the law (Hindu): India]]
		+
		+	[[Marriage and the law (Inter-faith): India]]
		+
		+	[[Marriage and the law (Muslim): India]]
		+
		+	[[Marriage and the law: India]]
		+
		+	[[Marriage statistics: India]]
		+
		+	[[Marriage, Love and Caste: Telugu]]
		+
		+	[[Panjab Castes: 07-Marriage and intermarriage between tribes]]
		+
		+	[[Category:India\|MMARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIAMARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIA
		+	MARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIA]]
		+	[[Category:Law,Constitution,Judiciary\|MMARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIAMARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIA
		+	MARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIA]]
		+	[[Category:Name\|ALPHABETMARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIAMARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIA
		+	MARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIA]]
		+	[[Category:Society\|MMARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIAMARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIA
		+	MARRIAGE AND THE LAW (HINDU): INDIA]]