Medical education and research: India - Revision history

Jyoti: /* Research */

2025-04-26T09:57:53Z

‎Research

Jyoti: /* Physically handicapped quota */

2025-04-11T18:50:52Z

‎Physically handicapped quota

Jyoti: /* Medical colleges */

2024-12-31T18:15:30Z

‎Medical colleges

Jyoti: /* 2018-19: government vis-à-vis private colleges */

2024-02-13T17:57:05Z

‎2018-19: government vis-à-vis private colleges

Jyoti: /* Vis-à-vis government colleges,PG: 2020- 22 */

2023-12-01T20:08:49Z

‎Vis-à-vis government colleges,PG: 2020- 22

Jyoti: /* Private medical colleges */

2023-12-01T20:08:05Z

‎Private medical colleges

Pdewan: /* 2023 */

2023-11-29T12:50:38Z

‎2023

Pdewan: /* Wide variation in fees */

2023-11-29T12:49:11Z

‎Wide variation in fees

Jyoti: /* 2018: the best and worst served states */

2023-11-20T19:09:26Z

‎2018: the best and worst served states

Jyoti: /* Sale of private MBBS, MS, PG seats */

2023-09-07T17:16:53Z

‎Sale of private MBBS, MS, PG seats

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:57, 26 April 2025
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	The policy of increasing the number of doctors by liberally allowing the creation of new medical institutions, mainly through private funding and enhancing seats has not been an unqualified success with what is generally perceived as a fall in standards of medical education, “which has now become a business venture for many politicians and is accompanied by widespread corruption both in its entry and exit processes“, the study said, while calling for an overhaul of the medical education system.		The policy of increasing the number of doctors by liberally allowing the creation of new medical institutions, mainly through private funding and enhancing seats has not been an unqualified success with what is generally perceived as a fall in standards of medical education, “which has now become a business venture for many politicians and is accompanied by widespread corruption both in its entry and exit processes“, the study said, while calling for an overhaul of the medical education system.
		+
		+	=Rural service=
		+	==Doctors from outside the State: SC ruling, 2025==
		+	[https://epaper.indiatimes.com/article-share?article=03_04_2025_012_019_cap_TOI Dhananjay Mahapatra, April 3, 2025: ''The Times of India'']
		+
		+
		+	New Delhi : Supreme Court faulted Uttarakhand govt’s 2009 policy mandating non-state students admitted to MBBS courses in its medical colleges under the 15% all-India quota (AIQ) to either serve in remote areas for five years or pay Rs 30 lakh in addition to steep annual fees.
		+
		+	“What is the use of asking a student from Tamil Nadu, who gets admission into an MBBS course in a govt medical college in Uttarakhand based on his all-India rank and primarily taught medicine in English, to serve in inaccessible areas of the state?” asked a bench of Justices Surya Kant and N Kotiswar Singh. “Will he be able to interact with patients in remote villages and inaccessible areas and treat them? It is a laudable concept for interstate exchange of civil servants and other subject experts. However, a state cannot decide rural service for non-state all-India quota students, doing MBBS from the govt college within its territory. It requires a uniform policy decision, for which the Union govt is the competent authority,” the bench said.
		+
		+	As per the 2009 policy decision of the Uttarakhand govt, an AIQ student was required to sign a bond for Rs 30 lakh promising to serve in rural areas for five years on completing an MBBS course from its medical college. It also stipulated that if an AIQ student opted out of mandatory rural service in the state, then he would have to pay an annual fee of Rs 2.2 lakh instead of Rs 15,000.
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		+	[[Category:Bangladesh\|MMEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIAMEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIA
		+	MEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIA]]
		+	[[Category:Culture & Learning\|MMEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIAMEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIA
		+	MEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIA]]
		+	[[Category:India\|MMEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIAMEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIA
		+	MEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIA]]
		+	[[Category:Pages with broken file links\|MEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIAMEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIA
		+	MEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIA]]
		+	[[Category:Pakistan\|MMEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIAMEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIA
		+	MEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIA]]

	=Rules-/ eligibility- for admission to medical colleges=		=Rules-/ eligibility- for admission to medical colleges=

@@ Line 609: / Line 609: @@
 [[Category:Pakistan|MMEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIAMEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIA
 MEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIA]]
 =Physically handicapped quota=
@@ Line 628: / Line 650: @@
 Ganesh Baraiya, Muskan Shaikh and Hina Mevasiya had approached the HC after the medical board and an appellate authority rejected their case that they are suitable to pursue MBBS. Ganesh was declared 72% disabled with a 109 cm height, while Muskan’s amputated hand left her 75% disabled. Hina was declared 50% disabled due to paraplegia. Their petition cited the Right of Persons with Disabilities Act which states that all persons with a physical disability between 40% and 80% are eligible for admission in medical courses.
 =Post-Graduate Medical courses=

@@ Line 419: / Line 419: @@
 [[Category:Pakistan|MMEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIAMEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIA
 MEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIA]]
 =Medical colleges=
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  However, fees alone don’t determine choice. Assam’s govt colleges, for example, have low annual tuition fees (Rs 20,000-28,000), but the mainstream perception that they are far away, and the very high penalty of Rs 30 lakh for not doing one year of rural service after graduation, deter top-rankers.
  In fact, this is true for most govt colleges in the North-East. Yet, Haryana with the longest bond of five years, a penalty of Rs 36 lakh, and govt college fees of Rs 90,000 per year, has the third highest median rank in govt colleges. Clearly, location too is an important factor.
 [[Category:Bangladesh|MMEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIAMEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIA

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 '' Management-wise colleges and enrolment, 2018-19 ''
-[[Category:Bangladesh|MMEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIA
+===Colleges preferred by meritorious students: 2023-24===
 MEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIA]]
-[[Category:Culture & Learning|MMEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIA
+[[Category:Culture & Learning|MMEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIAMEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIA
 MEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIA]]
-[[Category:India|MMEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIA
+[[Category:India|MMEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIAMEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIA
 MEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIA]]
-[[Category:Pakistan|MMEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIA
+[[Category:Pages with broken file links|MEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIAMEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIA
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 [https://m.timesofindia.com/india/low-neet-pg-cut-offs-mainly-usher-the-rich-into-private-colleges/articleshow/105570884.cms   Rema.Nagarajan, Nov 29, 2023: ''The Times of India'']
-[[File: Admission to PG courses in government and medical colleges with marks below the first cut off: 2020- 22.jpg|Admission to PG courses in government and medical colleges with marks below the first cut off: 2020- 22 <br/> From: [https://m.timesofindia.com/india/low-neet-pg-cut-offs-mainly-usher-the-rich-into-private-colleges/articleshow/105570884.cms   Rema.Nagarajan, Nov 29, 2023: ''The Times of India'']|frame|500px]]
+[[File: Admission to PG courses in government and medical colleges with marks below the first cut off- 2020- 22.jpg|Admission to PG courses in government and medical colleges with marks below the first cut off: 2020- 22 <br/> From: [https://m.timesofindia.com/india/low-neet-pg-cut-offs-mainly-usher-the-rich-into-private-colleges/articleshow/105570884.cms   Rema.Nagarajan, Nov 29, 2023: ''The Times of India'']|frame|500px]]
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  For the 2023-24 academic session, the government reduced the cut-off to zero percentile once again in an attempt to fill vacant seats. It is more than likely that the pattern will get repeated again.
 ==Bonds cannot be imposed on students: SC==

@@ Line 753: / Line 753: @@
 =Private medical colleges=
 ==Bonds cannot be imposed on students: SC==
 [https://epaper.timesgroup.com/article-share?article=19_11_2022_034_004_cap_TOI Dhananjay Mahapatra, Nov 19, 2022: ''The Times of India'']
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 [[Category:Bangladesh|MMEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIAMEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIA

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:50, 29 November 2023
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	After the fees of D Y Patil college, Navi Mumbai, and its sister campus in Pune that charges Rs 29.5 lakh fees, Bhartiya Vidyapeeth Medical College, in Pune, comes third in the state with Rs 26.84 lakh fees. At least eight other colleges in Tamil Nadu, mainly in Chennai, charge Rs 25 lakh fees and above. Fee data from college and admission portals show deemed universities in Delhi and other northern regions are comparatively cheaper, with the excep tion of Santosh Medical College in Ghaziabad where the fees, including hostel charges, come to Rs26 lakh.		After the fees of D Y Patil college, Navi Mumbai, and its sister campus in Pune that charges Rs 29.5 lakh fees, Bhartiya Vidyapeeth Medical College, in Pune, comes third in the state with Rs 26.84 lakh fees. At least eight other colleges in Tamil Nadu, mainly in Chennai, charge Rs 25 lakh fees and above. Fee data from college and admission portals show deemed universities in Delhi and other northern regions are comparatively cheaper, with the excep tion of Santosh Medical College in Ghaziabad where the fees, including hostel charges, come to Rs26 lakh.
		+
		+	==Wide variation in fees: 2017-18==
		+	[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/home/education/what-explains-huge-variation-in-private-medical-college-fees/articleshow/64755614.cms Rema Nagarajan, What explains huge variation in private medical college fees?, June 27, 2018: ''The Times of India'']
		+
		+	[[File: Average fees in private medical colleges (2017-18).jpg\| 2017-18: The range of fees charged by various private medical colleges in India <br/> From: [https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/home/education/what-explains-huge-variation-in-private-medical-college-fees/articleshow/64755614.cms Rema Nagarajan, What explains huge variation in private medical college fees?, June 27, 2018: ''The Times of India'']\|frame\|500px]]
		+
		+	The average annual tuition fees for MBBS in private colleges varies from about Rs 5 lakh to Rs 25 lakh, with deemed universities typically charging the most. Data for the 2017 fees in about 210 private colleges given to the Medical Council of India shows only 25 averaged Rs 5 lakh or less and about half averaged under Rs 8 lakh.
		+
		+	“Are colleges charging Rs 5 lakh or less imparting inferior education? Or are those charging 20 lakh giving superior education? They are all following the MCI curriculum. How can there be such a huge difference?” asked Dr Vivek Korde of the Forum Against Commercialisation of Education. The difference can’t be explained by factors like higher costs in big cities.
		+
		+	In Pune, the average fees range from Rs 6 lakh to over 17 lakh, in Mumbai from Rs 7.7 lakh to Rs 25 lakh, and in Bangalore from Rs 4 lakh to 10 lakh. After the SC ruled that states can regulate medical college fees to curb commercialisation and promote merit, states constituted fee fixation committees. Colleges submit their expenses, on the basis of which the committees fix the fees.
		+
		+	Many claim higher expenses for extra amenities. However, Jawaharlal Shanmugham, the petitioner in a case against deemed universities in Tamil Nadu, pointed out that “luxurious facilities cannot be the criteria to fix exorbitant fees.” Dr Korde too said fees ought to be based only on expenses for facilities mandated by MCI. “Tomorrow, they could have a helipad, but they cannot charge students for it,” he added.
		+
		+	Many colleges allegedly inflate expenses through fake lists of teachers and staff. Last year, a Maharashtra college was in news for showing 250 teachers when students claimed there were just 41. Many deemed universities and their affiliated colleges have escaped the jurisdiction of the fee fixation committees. In Rajasthan, all private medical colleges are affiliated to deemed universities and their average fees range from roughly Rs 15 lakh to Rs 18 lakh.
		+
		+	In the eight deemed universities in Tamil Nadu, fees range from Rs 18.5 lakh to Rs 22.5 lakh. On Shanmugham’s petition, the Madras HC has asked the University Grants Commission to constitute a fee committee for deemed universities. Under the law, only nonprofit societies or charitable trusts could run medical colleges till the government in November 2016 permitted private companies to run them.
		+
		+	These trusts and societies are exempt from income tax on the grounds that they raise funds to provide affordable education for meritorious students. “If they charge the students for every paise spent on them, where is the charity?” asked Dr Korde, adding that it was a case of government inaction as most colleges were owned by politicians.
		+
		+	“Such high fees are beyond the reach of any common meritorious student. When the beneficiaries are rich students, these institutions do not perform any charitable activity,” stated Shanmugham.
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		+	[[Category:Bangladesh\|MMEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIAMEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIA
		+	MEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIA]]
		+	[[Category:Culture & Learning\|MMEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIAMEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIA
		+	MEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIA]]
		+	[[Category:India\|MMEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIAMEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIA
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		+	[[Category:Pages with broken file links\|MEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIAMEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIA
		+	MEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIA]]
		+	[[Category:Pakistan\|MMEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIAMEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIA
		+	MEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIA]]
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		+	[[Category:Bangladesh\|MMEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIAMEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIA
		+	MEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIA]]
		+	[[Category:Culture & Learning\|MMEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIAMEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIA
		+	MEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIA]]
		+	[[Category:India\|MMEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIAMEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIA
		+	MEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIA]]
		+	[[Category:Pages with broken file links\|MEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIAMEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIA
		+	MEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIA]]
		+	[[Category:Pakistan\|MMEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIAMEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIA
		+	MEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIA]]
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		+	[[Category:Bangladesh\|MMEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIAMEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIA
		+	MEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIA]]
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		+	[[Category:India\|MMEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIAMEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIA
		+	MEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIA]]
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		+	MEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIA]]
		+	[[Category:Pakistan\|MMEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIAMEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIA
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	[[Category:Bangladesh\|MMEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIAMEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIA		[[Category:Bangladesh\|MMEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIAMEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIA

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:49, 29 November 2023
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	MEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIA]]		MEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIA]]

−	~~==Wide variation in fees==~~
−	[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/home/education/what-explains-huge-variation-in-private-medical-college-fees/articleshow/64755614.cms Rema Nagarajan, What explains huge variation in private medical college fees?, June 27, 2018: ''The Times of India'']

−	[[File: Average fees in private medical colleges (2017-18).jpg\| 2017-18: The range of fees charged by various private medical colleges in India <br/> From: [https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/home/education/what-explains-huge-variation-in-private-medical-college-fees/articleshow/64755614.cms Rema Nagarajan, What explains huge variation in private medical college fees?, June 27, 2018: ''The Times of India'']\|frame\|500px]]
−
−	The average annual tuition fees for MBBS in private colleges varies from about Rs 5 lakh to Rs 25 lakh, with deemed universities typically charging the most. Data for the 2017 fees in about 210 private colleges given to the Medical Council of India shows only 25 averaged Rs 5 lakh or less and about half averaged under Rs 8 lakh.
−
−	“Are colleges charging Rs 5 lakh or less imparting inferior education? Or are those charging 20 lakh giving superior education? They are all following the MCI curriculum. How can there be such a huge difference?” asked Dr Vivek Korde of the Forum Against Commercialisation of Education. The difference can’t be explained by factors like higher costs in big cities.
−
−	In Pune, the average fees range from Rs 6 lakh to over 17 lakh, in Mumbai from Rs 7.7 lakh to Rs 25 lakh, and in Bangalore from Rs 4 lakh to 10 lakh. After the SC ruled that states can regulate medical college fees to curb commercialisation and promote merit, states constituted fee fixation committees. Colleges submit their expenses, on the basis of which the committees fix the fees.
−
−	Many claim higher expenses for extra amenities. However, Jawaharlal Shanmugham, the petitioner in a case against deemed universities in Tamil Nadu, pointed out that “luxurious facilities cannot be the criteria to fix exorbitant fees.” Dr Korde too said fees ought to be based only on expenses for facilities mandated by MCI. “Tomorrow, they could have a helipad, but they cannot charge students for it,” he added.
−
−	Many colleges allegedly inflate expenses through fake lists of teachers and staff. Last year, a Maharashtra college was in news for showing 250 teachers when students claimed there were just 41. Many deemed universities and their affiliated colleges have escaped the jurisdiction of the fee fixation committees. In Rajasthan, all private medical colleges are affiliated to deemed universities and their average fees range from roughly Rs 15 lakh to Rs 18 lakh.
−
−	In the eight deemed universities in Tamil Nadu, fees range from Rs 18.5 lakh to Rs 22.5 lakh. On Shanmugham’s petition, the Madras HC has asked the University Grants Commission to constitute a fee committee for deemed universities. Under the law, only nonprofit societies or charitable trusts could run medical colleges till the government in November 2016 permitted private companies to run them.
−
−	These trusts and societies are exempt from income tax on the grounds that they raise funds to provide affordable education for meritorious students. “If they charge the students for every paise spent on them, where is the charity?” asked Dr Korde, adding that it was a case of government inaction as most colleges were owned by politicians.
−
−	~~“Such high fees are beyond the reach of any common meritorious student. When the beneficiaries are rich students, these institutions do not perform any charitable activity,” stated Shanmugham.~~
−
−	~~[[Category:Bangladesh\|MMEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIAMEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIA~~
−	~~MEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIA]]~~
−	~~[[Category:Culture & Learning\|MMEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIAMEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIA~~
−	~~MEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIA]]~~
−	~~[[Category:India\|MMEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIAMEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIA~~
−	~~MEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIA]]~~
−	~~[[Category:Pages with broken file links\|MEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIAMEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIA~~
−	~~MEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIA]]~~
−	~~[[Category:Pakistan\|MMEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIAMEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIA~~
−	~~MEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIA]]~~

	[[Category:Bangladesh\|MMEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIAMEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIA		[[Category:Bangladesh\|MMEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIAMEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH: INDIA

@@ Line 943: / Line 943: @@
 You would never find advertisements for “confirmed admission“ to any IIT or AIIMS or one asking you to book a seat in advance in any of these premier institutes Neither are there advertise ments promising you selection for the civil services or place ment in an all-India service of your choice. Yet, the media is full of ads for MBBS seats in colleges across the country How, if the system is merit-based, can anyone promise “direct admission“?
 Behind this promise is a black market in medical seats in private colleges. With agents and college manage ments colluding to sell many of the 30,000-plus MBBS and over 9,600 postgraduation seats in private medical colleges, back-of-the-envelope calculations by TOI suggests hat about Rs 12,000 crore in hard cash changes hands in his black market every year.
@@ Line 954: / Line 955: @@
 The bulk of the money is paid in cash, leaving no trace of the transaction. And despite the advertisements giving the game away , the government has not cracked down on this black market or taken steps to arrest the rot in the medical education system.
 ==Wide variation in fees==