http://103.153.58.85/ind/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Padma_awardsPadma awards - Revision history2026-07-10T06:09:30ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.19.2http://103.153.58.85/ind/index.php?title=Padma_awards&diff=120361&oldid=prevJyoti: /* The legal aspect */2022-08-29T21:44:14Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">The legal aspect</span></span></p>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>While advocating a transparent selection process, the court said, “We may only say that the committee may keep in view our anxiety that the number of awards should not be so large as to dilute their value. We may point out that in some countries, including US, the total number of awards to be given is restricted.”</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>While advocating a transparent selection process, the court said, “We may only say that the committee may keep in view our anxiety that the number of awards should not be so large as to dilute their value. We may point out that in some countries, including US, the total number of awards to be given is restricted.”</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">=Selection process=</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">==2020==</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/with-46000-nominations-padmas-seek-out-the-unsung/articleshow/73648324.cms  January 27, 2020: ''The Times of India'']</ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">NEW DELHI: The Padma award selection process has, over the past five years, become broad-based and more diligent to ensure a wide section of society and individuals representing a range of disciplines are recognised and honoured. </ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">There were 46,000 nominations this year as compared to 2,200 in 2014, a 20-fold jump as the selection process has ensured that Padma awards move beyond the Delhi and Mumbai elites, with a greater focus on east and south India, an official said. </ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Sources said the effort has been to seek out stories and individuals who represent mainstream as well as niche disciplines and are making a significant contribution in a selfless and dedicated manner. By awarding people from ordinary walks of life along with celebrities, the government has sought to provide examples for citizens, regardless of their social background, to emulate. It has also provided inspiration as the Padma awards have recognised people who were hidden from the gaze of mainstream media. </ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">In this year’s list, those awarded include Jagdish Lal Ahuja, who has been organising free food at PGIMER, Chandigarh, since the 1980s. Mohammad Sharif has been performing the last rites of unclaimed bodies for the last 25 years without differentiating on the basis of religion. Javed Ahmad is differently-abled and has been working with physically and intellectually challenged children in Pulwama and Anantnag. In her 70s, Tulsi Gowda is a reservoir of tribal knowledge of herbs and plants. Women from a wide range of disciplines have been recognised. </ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Sporting disciplines that are less discussed, such as kabaddi and basketball, have found recognition, as have para Olympians.</ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>=See also =</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>=See also =</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>[[Padma awards]] <></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>[[Padma awards]] <></div></td></tr>
</table>Jyotihttp://103.153.58.85/ind/index.php?title=Padma_awards&diff=116955&oldid=prevJyoti: /* A brief backgrounder */2022-01-27T18:58:26Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">A brief backgrounder</span></span></p>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>Or the overall picture till 2016: Delhi, 793 winners; Maharashtra, 748; Tamil Nadu, 385; East, 372; Northeast, 161. Now what? More for the Northeast? Or is patronage non-political? The UPA, over ten years, gave away 1,169 awards, and the NDA over two years, 215</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>Or the overall picture till 2016: Delhi, 793 winners; Maharashtra, 748; Tamil Nadu, 385; East, 372; Northeast, 161. Now what? More for the Northeast? Or is patronage non-political? The UPA, over ten years, gave away 1,169 awards, and the NDA over two years, 215</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>[[Category:Government|<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">P</del></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">===Details===</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">[https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/padma-awards-2022-winners-eligibility-nomination-selection-process-controversy-7742502/?utm_source=newzmate&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=explained&utm_content=6386461&pnespid=G_Qj61xB_yEWyU_e_YzSDFwbrRM8nahys14XAKkCKJbKkoa3Z5MY_V9L9VsV4tERCBq99Oiw  Deeptiman Tiwary, January 27, 2022: ''The Indian Express'']</ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">''' What are Padma awards? '''</ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">The Padma awards are the highest civilian honour of India after the Bharat Ratna. They are announced every year on the eve of Republic Day. The awards are given in three categories: Padma Vibhushan (for exceptional and distinguished service), Padma Bhushan (distinguished service of higher order) and Padma Shri (distinguished service). The award seeks to recognise achievements in all fields of activities or disciplines where an element of public service is involved.</ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">The awards are given in certain select categories which include Art, Social Work, Public Affairs, Science & Engineering, Trade & Industry, Medicine, Literature & Education, Civil Service and Sports. Awards are also given for propagation of Indian culture, protection of human rights, wildlife protection among others.</ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">The PADMA Awards Were instituted in 1954 along with Bharat Ratna. At that time only Padma Vibhushan existed with three sub-categories – Pahela Varg, Dusra Varg and Tisra Varg. These were subsequently renamed as Padma Vibhushan, Padma Bhushan and Padma Shri vide Presidential Notification issued on January 8, 1955. During the years 1978 and 1979 and 1993 to 1997, Padma awards were not announced.</ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">The awardees do not get any cash reward but a certificate signed by the President apart from a medallion which they can wear at public and government functions. The awards are, however, not a conferment of title and the awardees are expected to not use them as prefix or suffix to their names.</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">A Padma awardee can be given a higher award only after five years of the conferment of the earlier award.</ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Not more than 120 awards can be given in a year but this does not include posthumous awards or awards given to NRIs and foreigners. The award is normally not conferred posthumously. However, in highly deserving cases, the Government could consider giving an award posthumously.</ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">''' Who is eligible for Padma awards? '''</ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">All persons without distinction of race, occupation, position or sex are eligible for these awards. However, government servants including those working with PSUs, except doctors and scientists, are not eligible for these awards.</ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">The award seeks to recognise works of distinction and is given for distinguished and exceptional achievements or service in all fields of activities and disciplines.</ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">According to Padma awards selection criteria, the award is given for “special services” and not just for “long service”. “It should not be merely excellence in a particular field, but the criteria has to be ‘excellence plus’.</ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">''' Who nominates the awardees? '''</ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Any citizen of India can nominate a potential recipient. One can even nominate one’s own self. All nominations are to be done online where a form is to be filled along with details of the person or the organisation being nominated. An 800-word essay detailing the work done by the potential awardee is also to be submitted for the nomination to be considered.</ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">The government opens the Padma awards portal for nominations between May 1 and September 15 every year. It also writes to various state governments, governors, Union territories, central ministries and various departments to send nominations.</ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">There is also no rigid criteria or trenchant formula for selection, according to MHA. However, the lifetime achievement of an individual is among the main considerations.</ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">''' Who selects the awardees? '''</ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">All nominations received for Padma awards are placed before the Padma Awards Committee, which is constituted by the Prime Minister every year. The Padma Awards Committee is headed by the Cabinet Secretary and includes Home Secretary, Secretary to the President and four to six eminent persons as members. The recommendations of the committee are submitted to the Prime Minister and the President of India for approval.</ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Sources said once a preliminary selection is made, the antecedents of the selected awardees are verified using the services of central agencies to ensure nothing untoward has been reported or come on record about them. A final list is then prepared and announced.</ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">''' Is the recipient’s consent sought? '''</ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">There is no provision for seeking a written or formal consent of the recipient before announcement of the award. However, before the announcement, every recipient receives a call from the Ministry of Home Affairs informing him or her about the selection. In case the recipient expresses a desire to be excluded from the award list, the name is removed, sources said.</ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">In the case of Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee, MHA sources said, a call was made to his residence on Tuesday morning. “However, since he was unwell, his wife picked up the call and she was informed about the conferment of the award. If he did not want it, he should have informed us,” a home ministry official said.</ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>[[Category:Government|<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">PPADMA AWARDS</ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>==1954- 2019: No. of awards given for contribution in different fields, respectively==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>==1954- 2019: No. of awards given for contribution in different fields, respectively==</div></td></tr>
</table>Jyotihttp://103.153.58.85/ind/index.php?title=Padma_awards&diff=116889&oldid=prevPdewan: /* Padma Eaters */2022-01-26T19:33:02Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Padma Eaters</span></span></p>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>including Art, Literature and Education, Science and Engineering, Sports, Medicine,</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>including Art, Literature and Education, Science and Engineering, Sports, Medicine,</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>etc. Padma Awards are announced on the eve of the Republic Day every year.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>etc. Padma Awards are announced on the eve of the Republic Day every year.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>== <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Padma Eaters </del>==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>== <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">A brief backgrounder</ins>==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>[http://www.indpaedia.com/ind/index.php/Padma_awards Rajeev Dhavan , The Padma eaters “India Today” 10/10/2016]</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>[http://www.indpaedia.com/ind/index.php/Padma_awards Rajeev Dhavan , The Padma eaters “India Today” 10/10/2016]</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>Or the overall picture till 2016: Delhi, 793 winners; Maharashtra, 748; Tamil Nadu, 385; East, 372; Northeast, 161. Now what? More for the Northeast? Or is patronage non-political? The UPA, over ten years, gave away 1,169 awards, and the NDA over two years, 215</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>Or the overall picture till 2016: Delhi, 793 winners; Maharashtra, 748; Tamil Nadu, 385; East, 372; Northeast, 161. Now what? More for the Northeast? Or is patronage non-political? The UPA, over ten years, gave away 1,169 awards, and the NDA over two years, 215</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">PADMA AWARDS]]</ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[Category:Pages with broken file links|PADMA AWARDS]]</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>==1954- 2019: No. of awards given for contribution in different fields, respectively==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>==1954- 2019: No. of awards given for contribution in different fields, respectively==</div></td></tr>
</table>Pdewanhttp://103.153.58.85/ind/index.php?title=Padma_awards&diff=100168&oldid=prevJyoti: /* Padma awards */2019-02-01T12:52:44Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Padma awards</span></span></p>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>Or the overall picture till 2016: Delhi, 793 winners; Maharashtra, 748; Tamil Nadu, 385; East, 372; Northeast, 161. Now what? More for the Northeast? Or is patronage non-political? The UPA, over ten years, gave away 1,169 awards, and the NDA over two years, 215</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>Or the overall picture till 2016: Delhi, 793 winners; Maharashtra, 748; Tamil Nadu, 385; East, 372; Northeast, 161. Now what? More for the Northeast? Or is patronage non-political? The UPA, over ten years, gave away 1,169 awards, and the NDA over two years, 215</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">==1954- 2019: No. of awards given for contribution in different fields, respectively==</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[File: Number of Padma awards given in respective fields, 1954-2019; Number of awards given, state-wise.jpg|The highest number of Padma awards have been given for contributions to the arts, literature and education. <br/> Comparatively fewer awards were given in the fields of trade and industry and public affairs. <br/> Number of awards given in respective fields, 1954-2019; <br/> Number of awards given, state-wise <br/> From: [https://epaper.thehindu.com/Home/ShareImage?Pictureid=GJN5BQM82.1&fbclid=IwAR0sMQfUkqNAiOjnM7olrK9QbISrGz1KJUw--S4t2GDTkV13lqHYnOcaTRs  February 1, 2019: ''The Hindu'']|frame|500px]]</ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">'''See graphic''':</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">''The highest number of Padma awards have been given for contributions to the arts, literature and education. <br/> Comparatively fewer awards were given in the fields of trade and industry and public affairs. <br/> Number of awards given in respective fields, 1954-2019; <br/> Number of awards given, state-wise''</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>=The legal aspect=</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>=The legal aspect=</div></td></tr>
</table>Jyotihttp://103.153.58.85/ind/index.php?title=Padma_awards&diff=85830&oldid=prevPdewan: /* See also */2018-01-27T13:20:55Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">See also</span></span></p>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>[[Padma awards: 2016]]<></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>[[Padma awards: 2016]]<></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>[[Padma awards: 2017]]<></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>[[Padma awards: 2017]]<></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[Padma awards: 2018]]<></ins></div></td></tr>
</table>Pdewanhttp://103.153.58.85/ind/index.php?title=Padma_awards&diff=84905&oldid=prevShivam: /* Padma Eaters */2018-01-10T02:44:54Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Padma Eaters</span></span></p>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>However, the text of the Constitution (for our purposes) is clear: "No title, not being a military or academic distinction, shall be conferred by the State" [Article 18(1)]. Both the prohibition and exception are clear enough. The rest of the article reinforces a republican concern: "No citizen of India shall accept any title from any foreign state" [Article 18(2)]. However, the Supreme Court, which has often made the obvious unobvious, decided through a Constitution bench in the Balaji case (Balaji Raghavan/S.P. Anand vs Union of India, December 15, 1995) that despite the anti-'titles' provision, 'awards' were constitutionally valid. This is reading from the heart, or elsewhere, what the eyes cannot see. The court thought the procedure followed for conferment was hopelessly wishy-washy. The idea that these titles are earned is against the text, which carves an exception only for 'military or academic distinction'. All others are banned. True, the Supreme Court wanted the procedure to be a high-level committee, but its first step of allowing the Bharat Ratna, the Padma awards, the Chakras, and the Arjuna and Phalke awards was totally wrong.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>However, the text of the Constitution (for our purposes) is clear: "No title, not being a military or academic distinction, shall be conferred by the State" [Article 18(1)]. Both the prohibition and exception are clear enough. The rest of the article reinforces a republican concern: "No citizen of India shall accept any title from any foreign state" [Article 18(2)]. However, the Supreme Court, which has often made the obvious unobvious, decided through a Constitution bench in the Balaji case (Balaji Raghavan/S.P. Anand vs Union of India, December 15, 1995) that despite the anti-'titles' provision, 'awards' were constitutionally valid. This is reading from the heart, or elsewhere, what the eyes cannot see. The court thought the procedure followed for conferment was hopelessly wishy-washy. The idea that these titles are earned is against the text, which carves an exception only for 'military or academic distinction'. All others are banned. True, the Supreme Court wanted the procedure to be a high-level committee, but its first step of allowing the Bharat Ratna, the Padma awards, the Chakras, and the Arjuna and Phalke awards was totally wrong.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> </del>Or the overall picture till 2016: Delhi, 793 winners; Maharashtra, 748; Tamil Nadu, 385; East, 372; Northeast, 161. Now what? More for the Northeast? Or is patronage non-political? The UPA, over ten years, gave away 1,169 awards, and the NDA over two years, 215</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>Or the overall picture till 2016: Delhi, 793 winners; Maharashtra, 748; Tamil Nadu, 385; East, 372; Northeast, 161. Now what? More for the Northeast? Or is patronage non-political? The UPA, over ten years, gave away 1,169 awards, and the NDA over two years, 215</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>=The legal aspect=</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>=The legal aspect=</div></td></tr>
</table>Shivamhttp://103.153.58.85/ind/index.php?title=Padma_awards&diff=84904&oldid=prevShivam: /* Padma awards */2018-01-10T02:43:06Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Padma awards</span></span></p>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>including Art, Literature and Education, Science and Engineering, Sports, Medicine,</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>including Art, Literature and Education, Science and Engineering, Sports, Medicine,</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>etc. Padma Awards are announced on the eve of the Republic Day every year.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>etc. Padma Awards are announced on the eve of the Republic Day every year.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">== Padma Eaters ==</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[http://www.indpaedia.com/ind/index.php/Padma_awards Rajeev Dhavan , The Padma eaters “India Today” 10/10/2016]</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">The Constitution had abolished titles. They reappeared after 1950, were abolished again from 1977-80, and made another comeback in 1980. The Napoleonic Mrs Gandhi just had to have a way of rewarding her favourites. But it could only be a title-that-was-not-a bit like Voldemort of the Harry Potter series, the-one-who-must-not-be-named-because the Supreme Court had barred the use of titles as a 'suffix' or 'prefix'. In the Constituent Assembly of 1946, K.T. Shah had wanted a complete abolition of titles, which was naturally opposed by Sir Alladi (Krishnaswamy Iyer). Sir Alladi had the support of Rajaji (C. Rajagopalachari) while K.M. Panikkar chipped in with compromise solutions. Sardar Patel felt titles "were abused for corrupting the public life of the country", but did not want to nullify past honorific titles given by the British. Balkrishna Sharma thought non-heritable titles (e.g., Mahatma) were in sync with Indian tradition, but all princes lost theirs in 1950; they were divested of their privy purses later in 1971. You can see the persisting confusion of minds.</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">However, the text of the Constitution (for our purposes) is clear: "No title, not being a military or academic distinction, shall be conferred by the State" [Article 18(1)]. Both the prohibition and exception are clear enough. The rest of the article reinforces a republican concern: "No citizen of India shall accept any title from any foreign state" [Article 18(2)]. However, the Supreme Court, which has often made the obvious unobvious, decided through a Constitution bench in the Balaji case (Balaji Raghavan/S.P. Anand vs Union of India, December 15, 1995) that despite the anti-'titles' provision, 'awards' were constitutionally valid. This is reading from the heart, or elsewhere, what the eyes cannot see. The court thought the procedure followed for conferment was hopelessly wishy-washy. The idea that these titles are earned is against the text, which carves an exception only for 'military or academic distinction'. All others are banned. True, the Supreme Court wanted the procedure to be a high-level committee, but its first step of allowing the Bharat Ratna, the Padma awards, the Chakras, and the Arjuna and Phalke awards was totally wrong.</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"> Or the overall picture till 2016: Delhi, 793 winners; Maharashtra, 748; Tamil Nadu, 385; East, 372; Northeast, 161. Now what? More for the Northeast? Or is patronage non-political? The UPA, over ten years, gave away 1,169 awards, and the NDA over two years, 215</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>=The legal aspect=</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>=The legal aspect=</div></td></tr>
</table>Shivamhttp://103.153.58.85/ind/index.php?title=Padma_awards&diff=68936&oldid=prevPdewan at 18:51, 27 January 20172017-01-27T18:51:19Z<p></p>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>etc. Padma Awards are announced on the eve of the Republic Day every year.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>etc. Padma Awards are announced on the eve of the Republic Day every year.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><del style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[File: Padma awards 1954 2017.jpg| Padma awards, 1954-2017 <br/> in 2017, 89 Padma awards were given away. The highest was in 1972, when 148 were conferred. A look at the list shows that Delhi has won almost a fifth of the top civilian awards, which includes the Bharat Ratna, since 1954. Quite a few of these honours have also gone to foreign nationals and people of Indian origin based abroad...<br/> [http://epaperbeta.timesofindia.com/Article.aspx?eid=31808&articlexml=63-YEARS-4000-PADMAS-HERES-WHO-TOOK-WHAT-27012017009027  ''The Times of India'']|frame|500px]]</del></div></td><td colspan="2"> </td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>=The legal aspect=</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>=The legal aspect=</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>In July 2013, the government issued a revised format for aspirants to apply for Padma awards, the highest state conferred civilian decoration.  </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>In July 2013, the government issued a revised format for aspirants to apply for Padma awards, the highest state conferred civilian decoration.  </div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[File: Padma awards 1954 2017.jpg| Padma awards, 1954-2017 <br/> in 2017, 89 Padma awards were given away. The highest was in 1972, when 148 were conferred. A look at the list shows that Delhi has won almost a fifth of the top civilian awards, which includes the Bharat Ratna, since 1954. Quite a few of these honours have also gone to foreign nationals and people of Indian origin based abroad...<br/> [http://epaperbeta.timesofindia.com/Article.aspx?eid=31808&articlexml=63-YEARS-4000-PADMAS-HERES-WHO-TOOK-WHAT-27012017009027  ''The Times of India'']|frame|500px]]</ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>In the five years 2008-12, the government has conferred over 600 awards—38 Padma Vibhushan, 155 Padma Bhushan and 416 Padma Shri— on people who could be put in three categories—well-known, not so well-known and unknown.  </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>In the five years 2008-12, the government has conferred over 600 awards—38 Padma Vibhushan, 155 Padma Bhushan and 416 Padma Shri— on people who could be put in three categories—well-known, not so well-known and unknown.  </div></td></tr>
</table>Pdewanhttp://103.153.58.85/ind/index.php?title=Padma_awards&diff=68934&oldid=prevPdewan: /* Padma awards */2017-01-27T17:54:32Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Padma awards</span></span></p>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>including Art, Literature and Education, Science and Engineering, Sports, Medicine,</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>including Art, Literature and Education, Science and Engineering, Sports, Medicine,</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>etc. Padma Awards are announced on the eve of the Republic Day every year.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>etc. Padma Awards are announced on the eve of the Republic Day every year.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[File: Padma awards 1954 2017.jpg| Padma awards, 1954-2017 <br/> in 2017, 89 Padma awards were given away. The highest was in 1972, when 148 were conferred. A look at the list shows that Delhi has won almost a fifth of the top civilian awards, which includes the Bharat Ratna, since 1954. Quite a few of these honours have also gone to foreign nationals and people of Indian origin based abroad...<br/> [http://epaperbeta.timesofindia.com/Article.aspx?eid=31808&articlexml=63-YEARS-4000-PADMAS-HERES-WHO-TOOK-WHAT-27012017009027  ''The Times of India'']|frame|500px]]</ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>=The legal aspect=</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>=The legal aspect=</div></td></tr>
</table>Pdewanhttp://103.153.58.85/ind/index.php?title=Padma_awards&diff=68928&oldid=prevPdewan: /* See also */2017-01-27T15:53:54Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">See also</span></span></p>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>[[Padma awards: 2015]]<></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>[[Padma awards: 2015]]<></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>[[Padma awards: 2016]]<></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>[[Padma awards: 2016]]<></div></td></tr>
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