Pulses/ lentils (dal): India - Revision history

Jyoti: /* 2017, Buffer stock */

2024-06-30T06:30:33Z

‎2017, Buffer stock

Pdewan: /* 2013-23 */

2024-05-24T21:28:08Z

‎2013-23

Jyoti: /* Imports */

2024-02-22T19:54:08Z

‎Imports

Pdewan: Pdewan moved page Pulses (dal): India to Pulses/ lentils (dal): India without leaving a redirect

2024-01-13T19:17:52Z

Pdewan moved page Pulses (dal): India to Pulses/ lentils (dal): India without leaving a redirect

Jyoti: /* 2016: an increase */

2023-10-12T08:41:50Z

‎2016: an increase

Pdewan: /* 2016: Rise in sown area */

2023-09-12T12:25:04Z

‎2016: Rise in sown area

Jyoti: /* Indian food habits */

2023-07-07T10:41:36Z

‎Indian food habits

Jyoti: /* 2017, Buffer stock */

2017-04-24T23:45:04Z

‎2017, Buffer stock

Jyoti: /* 2016: Rise in sown area */

2017-04-24T23:44:28Z

‎2016: Rise in sown area

Jyoti: /* Production and consumption of cereals, pulses */

2016-11-20T10:16:39Z

‎Production and consumption of cereals, pulses

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:30, 30 June 2024
Line 221:		Line 221:

	==2017, Buffer stock==		==2017, Buffer stock==
−	~~See graphic.~~
−
	[[File: Buffer stock, 2017, and likely buyers.jpg\| Buffer stock, 2017, and likely buyers; [http://epaperbeta.timesofindia.com/Gallery.aspx?id=23_04_2017_012_025_012&type=P&artUrl=Forces-may-buy-govts-excess-pulse-stock-23042017012025&eid=31808 The Times of India], April 23, 2017\|frame\|500px]]		[[File: Buffer stock, 2017, and likely buyers.jpg\| Buffer stock, 2017, and likely buyers; [http://epaperbeta.timesofindia.com/Gallery.aspx?id=23_04_2017_012_025_012&type=P&artUrl=Forces-may-buy-govts-excess-pulse-stock-23042017012025&eid=31808 The Times of India], April 23, 2017\|frame\|500px]]
		+
		+
		+	'''See graphic''':
		+
		+	''Buffer stock, 2017, and likely buyers''
		+
		+	==2022-23==
		+	[[File: Share of top 5 states for output of Pulses, 2022-23.jpg\|Share of top 5 states for output of Pulses: 2022-23 <br/> From: [https://epaper.indiatimes.com/article-share?article=23_06_2024_021_005_cap_TOI June 23, 2024: ''The Times of India'']\|frame\|500px]]
		+
		+
		+	'''See graphic''':
		+
		+	'' Share of top 5 states for output of Pulses: 2022-23 ''
		+
		+	[[Category:Economy-Industry-Resources\|PPULSES (DAL): INDIAPULSES (DAL): INDIAPULSES (DAL): INDIA
		+	PULSES/ LENTILS (DAL): INDIA]]
		+	[[Category:Flora\|PPULSES (DAL): INDIAPULSES (DAL): INDIAPULSES (DAL): INDIA
		+	PULSES/ LENTILS (DAL): INDIA]]
		+	[[Category:India\|PPULSES (DAL): INDIAPULSES (DAL): INDIAPULSES (DAL): INDIA
		+	PULSES/ LENTILS (DAL): INDIA]]
		+	[[Category:Pages with broken file links\|PULSES (DAL): INDIAPULSES (DAL): INDIAPULSES (DAL): INDIA
		+	PULSES/ LENTILS (DAL): INDIA]]

@@ Line 19: / Line 19: @@
 =Imports=
-==2013-23==
+==2013-23, 2024==
 [https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-economics/how-india-has-become-relatively-atmanirbhar-in-pulses-compared-to-edible-oil-8645756/  Harish Damodaran, June 14, 2023: ''The Indian Express'']
-[[File: Imports of pulses, 2013-23.jpg|Imports of pulses, 2013-23 <br/> From: [https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-economics/how-india-has-become-relatively-atmanirbhar-in-pulses-compared-to-edible-oil-8645756/  Harish Damodaran, June 14, 2023: ''The Indian Express'']|frame|500px]]
+[[File: Imports of pulses, 2013-23.jpg|Imports of pulses, 2013-23 <br/> In 2024, $3.748 bn worth of pulses were imorted <br/>  Graphic From: [https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-economics/how-india-has-become-relatively-atmanirbhar-in-pulses-compared-to-edible-oil-8645756/  Harish Damodaran, June 14, 2023: ''The Indian Express'']|frame|500px]]
 [[File: Imports of major pulses, 2014-23, type-wise.jpg|Imports of major pulses, 2014-23, type-wise <br/> From: [https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-economics/how-india-has-become-relatively-atmanirbhar-in-pulses-compared-to-edible-oil-8645756/  Harish Damodaran, June 14, 2023: ''The Indian Express'']|frame|500px]]
@@ Line 67: / Line 67: @@
 Last but not the least is stock limits on the trade. The Modi government, last week, clamped these on arhar and urad, while applicable to wholesalers and retailers as well as dal millers. In an election year, one can expect more such weapons being deployed “to prevent hoarding and unscrupulous speculation”.
 =Masur/ masoor=

@@ Line 68: / Line 68: @@
 Last but not the least is stock limits on the trade. The Modi government, last week, clamped these on arhar and urad, while applicable to wholesalers and retailers as well as dal millers. In an election year, one can expect more such weapons being deployed “to prevent hoarding and unscrupulous speculation”.
-[[Category:Economy-Industry-Resources|P
+=Masur/ masoor=
-PULSES (DAL): INDIA]]
+==Output 2017-23==
-[[Category:Flora|P
+''' India set to top world masur output in 2023-24 '''
 PULSES (DAL): INDIA]]
-[[Category:India|P
+New Delhi : India is set to emerge as the world’s largest producer of masur in the 2023-24 crop year (July to June) on the back of an expected surge in production estimated around 16 lakh tonne because of higher acreage, consumer affairs secretary Rohit Kumar Singh said, reports Dipak Dash.
 PULSES (DAL): INDIA]]
-[[Category:Pages with broken file links|PULSES (DAL): INDIA]]
+ The lentil production in the other major producing nations, Canada and Australia is estimated around 14 lakh tonne and 15 lakh tonne.
 =Prices=

@@ Line 180: / Line 180: @@
 The water availability in these reservoirs will keep on increasing till the end of monsoon season (September end), giving hope for a bumper rabi crop since it largely depends on irrigation.
-[[Category:Economy-Industry-Resources|PPULSES (DAL): INDIA
+===2023===
 PULSES (DAL): INDIA]]
-[[Category:Flora|PPULSES (DAL): INDIA
+[[Category:Flora|PPULSES (DAL): INDIAPULSES (DAL): INDIA
 PULSES (DAL): INDIA]]
-[[Category:India|PPULSES (DAL): INDIA
+[[Category:India|PPULSES (DAL): INDIAPULSES (DAL): INDIA
 PULSES (DAL): INDIA]]
-[[Category:Pages with broken file links|PULSES (DAL): INDIA
+[[Category:Pages with broken file links|PULSES (DAL): INDIAPULSES (DAL): INDIA
 PULSES (DAL): INDIA]]

@@ Line 147: / Line 147: @@
 At the same time, production of pulses fluctuated between 17.09 MTs and 19.2 MTs during 2010-11 and 2013-14. During 2014-15, it was 17.38 tonnes against the domestic requirement of about 22 MTs. The government estimates the production to increase to 18.32 MTs as the sown area has risen from 10.2 million hectares in 2014 to 11.5 million hectares in 2015.
-==2016: Rise in sown area==
+==Sown area==
 [http://epaperbeta.timesofindia.com/Article.aspx?eid=31808&articlexml=33-rise-in-sown-area-boosts-hopes-of-03092016017015 ''The Times of India''], Sep 03 2016
@@ Line 178: / Line 179: @@
 The water availability in these reservoirs will keep on increasing till the end of monsoon season (September end), giving hope for a bumper rabi crop since it largely depends on irrigation.
 ==2017, Buffer stock==

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:41, 7 July 2023
Line 17:		Line 17:

	India is by and large a vegetarian country. Recently released NSSO data shows that only 27% of urban and 22% of rural households consumed chicken. Fish was consumed by 21% of urban and 27% of rural households. Mutton was consumed by even fewer people. Thus, for a large majority of Indians, pulses are the major source of proteins. Yet, while the per capita net availability of cereals like rice and wheat is significantly higher today than soon after Independence, availability of pulses is sharply lower, though a little higher than the lowest point reached in 2001		India is by and large a vegetarian country. Recently released NSSO data shows that only 27% of urban and 22% of rural households consumed chicken. Fish was consumed by 21% of urban and 27% of rural households. Mutton was consumed by even fewer people. Thus, for a large majority of Indians, pulses are the major source of proteins. Yet, while the per capita net availability of cereals like rice and wheat is significantly higher today than soon after Independence, availability of pulses is sharply lower, though a little higher than the lowest point reached in 2001
		+
		+	=Imports=
		+	==2013-23==
		+	[https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-economics/how-india-has-become-relatively-atmanirbhar-in-pulses-compared-to-edible-oil-8645756/ Harish Damodaran, June 14, 2023: ''The Indian Express'']
		+
		+	[[File: Imports of pulses, 2013-23.jpg\|Imports of pulses, 2013-23 <br/> From: [https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-economics/how-india-has-become-relatively-atmanirbhar-in-pulses-compared-to-edible-oil-8645756/ Harish Damodaran, June 14, 2023: ''The Indian Express'']\|frame\|500px]]
		+
		+	[[File: Imports of major pulses, 2014-23, type-wise.jpg\|Imports of major pulses, 2014-23, type-wise <br/> From: [https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-economics/how-india-has-become-relatively-atmanirbhar-in-pulses-compared-to-edible-oil-8645756/ Harish Damodaran, June 14, 2023: ''The Indian Express'']\|frame\|500px]]
		+
		+	The value of imports has posted only a marginal rise during the nine years of the Narendra Modi-led government: From $1,828.16 million (Rs 11,036.75 crore) to $ 1,943.89 million (Rs 15,780.56 crore). Imports went up initially to reach a high of $4,244.13 million (Rs 28,523.18 crore) in 2016-17, only to fall substantially thereafter. See graphic:
		+
		+	In quantity terms, India’s imports of pulses more than doubled from 3.18 mt in 2013-14 to 6.61 mt in 2016-17. From those peaks, they have come down to 2.70 mt in 2021-22 and 2.52 mt in 2022-23. Thus, the nine years of the Modi government has actually seen a decline, unlike in vegetable oils, where the quantum of imports too has surged from 7.94 mt to 15.67 mt between 2013-14 and 2022-23.
		+
		+	The reduction in pulses imports have come essentially on the back of higher domestic production. According to the Agriculture Ministry, India’s pulses output has increased from 19.26 mt in 2013-14 to 27.50 mt in 2022-23. Private trade estimates of production are lower at 23-24 mt. Even taking 23 mt production and 2.5 mt imports translates into an atmanirbharta or self-sufficiency ratio of over 90% in pulses, as against hardly 40% for edible oils.
		+
		+	''' Chana shows the way '''
		+
		+	The accompanying table gives a breakup of India’s imports of major pulses.
		+
		+	It can be seen that imports of two items have recorded dramatic drops: Yellow/white peas (matar) and chickpea (chana). At their height, yearly imports of the former topped 3 mt and the latter one mt. Those have since plunged to negligible levels.
		+
		+	The reason is simple. Yellow/white peas – imported mainly from Canada, Russia, Ukraine and Lithuania – are basically a substitute for chana. When chickpea prices went through the roof, as India’s production dipped from 9.53 mt in 2013-14 to 7.33 mt and 7.06 mt in the following two years, split yellow peas replaced chana dal in many curry recipes. There were even reports of besan (chana flour) makers resorting to adulteration by adding cheaper yellow/white matar. Imports of chickpea from Australia and Russia also spiraled during that period.
		+
		+	The situation changed after 2016-17, with domestic output of chana registering a jump to 11.38 mt in 2017-18 and further to 13.54 mt each in 2021-22 and 2022-23. While the trade’s estimate is only 11-12 mt, it is still a considerable improvement over the production in the initial years of the Modi government.
		+
		+	The boost to chana production came from two key government measures, incentivizing Indian farmers to expand area under the pulses crop grown during the rabi (winter-spring) season.
		+	The first is the levy of a 60% import duty on chana since March 2018. In yellow/white peas, there is a 50% duty plus a minimum price of Rs 200/kg below which imports are not permitted, the latter imposed in December 2019. These have resulted in a near-complete stoppage of imports.
		+
		+	The second intervention has been government procurement at minimum support prices (MSP). Such purchases amounted to 2.14 mt in 2020 (the rabi marketing season from March-June), 0.63 mt in 2021, 2.56 mt in 2022 and 2.23 mt this year till May-end. The MSP of chana itself has been raised from Rs 3,100 to Rs 5,335 per quintal between 2013-14 and 2022-23.
		+
		+	''' Arhar is the problem '''
		+
		+	Chana’s success has, however, not been replicated for other pulses, particularly arhar/tur or pigeonpea. Its production has shown an erratic trend, rising from 3.17 mt in 2013-14 to 4.87 mt in 2016-17, before falling to 4.22 mt in 2021-22 and 3.43 mt in 2022-23. The trade, again, reckons this year’s crop at just 2.5 mt.
		+
		+	The same goes for urad (black gram), a predominantly kharif (post-monsoon sown) crop like arhar. Its output in the last four years has averaged 2.42 mt, down from the 3.49 mt and 3.06 mt highs of 2017-18 and 2018-19.
		+
		+	Moong (green gram) has fared better. Its estimated production of 3.74 mt in 2022-23, for the first time, overtook arhar’s at 3.43 mt. In the last four years, moong has moved up from No. 4 (behind urad, arhar and chana) to No. 2 (next only to chana). While moong is largely cultivated during kharif, much of the recent output gain has been from the spring-sown and summer-harvested crop.
		+
		+
		+	''' Implications for imports and inflation '''
		+
		+	The erratic production of most non-chana pulses has meant no let up in their imports. Arhar imports – from Mozambique, Myanmar, Tanzania, Malawi and Sudan – hit a record 0.9 mt in 2022-23.
		+
		+	Equally interesting is masoor (red lentil), whose imports from Canada and Australia have crossed 1.1-1.2 mt in some years. That has partly to do with it becoming a substitute for arhar. Red masoor dal being used in place of yellow arhar – including for making sambar – is happening mainly in hotels, restaurants and canteens. It makes economic sense, when masoor dal is retailing at an average of Rs 90/kg, compared to Rs 120-plus for arhar.
		+
		+	Looking ahead, a subnormal monsoon can potentially lead to inflation in pulses. But there are at least two buffers against this.
		+
		+	The first is the ample government stocks of chana, which includes the newly procured 2.23 mt and the 1.47 mt carryover from last year’s crop. The second is imports: At $680-690 or Rs 56,000-57,000 per tonne, the landed price of raw masoor in India is below its MSP of Rs 60,000 and wholesale mandi rates of Rs 98,000-100,000/tonne for arhar. There is currently no duty on imports of masoor, arhar or urad.
		+
		+	Last but not the least is stock limits on the trade. The Modi government, last week, clamped these on arhar and urad, while applicable to wholesalers and retailers as well as dal millers. In an election year, one can expect more such weapons being deployed “to prevent hoarding and unscrupulous speculation”.
		+
		+	[[Category:Economy-Industry-Resources\|P
		+	PULSES (DAL): INDIA]]
		+	[[Category:Flora\|P
		+	PULSES (DAL): INDIA]]
		+	[[Category:India\|P
		+	PULSES (DAL): INDIA]]
		+	[[Category:Pages with broken file links\|PULSES (DAL): INDIA]]

	=Prices=		=Prices=

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:45, 24 April 2017
Line 124:		Line 124:
	See graphic.		See graphic.

−	[[File: Buffer stock, 2017, and likely buyers.jpg\| Buffer stock, 2017, and likely buyers ; \|[http://epaperbeta.timesofindia.com/Gallery.aspx?id=23_04_2017_012_025_012&type=P&artUrl=Forces-may-buy-govts-excess-pulse-stock-23042017012025&eid=31808 The Times of India], April 23, ~~2017frame~~\|500px]]	+	[[File: Buffer stock, 2017, and likely buyers.jpg\| Buffer stock, 2017, and likely buyers; [http://epaperbeta.timesofindia.com/Gallery.aspx?id=23_04_2017_012_025_012&type=P&artUrl=Forces-may-buy-govts-excess-pulse-stock-23042017012025&eid=31808 The Times of India], April 23, 2017\|frame\|500px]]

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:44, 24 April 2017
Line 120:		Line 120:

	The water availability in these reservoirs will keep on increasing till the end of monsoon season (September end), giving hope for a bumper rabi crop since it largely depends on irrigation.		The water availability in these reservoirs will keep on increasing till the end of monsoon season (September end), giving hope for a bumper rabi crop since it largely depends on irrigation.
		+
		+	==2017, Buffer stock==
		+	See graphic.
		+
		+	[[File: Buffer stock, 2017, and likely buyers.jpg\| Buffer stock, 2017, and likely buyers ; \|[http://epaperbeta.timesofindia.com/Gallery.aspx?id=23_04_2017_012_025_012&type=P&artUrl=Forces-may-buy-govts-excess-pulse-stock-23042017012025&eid=31808 The Times of India], April 23, 2017frame\|500px]]

@@ Line 68: / Line 68: @@
 =Production and consumption of cereals, pulses=
 [http://epaperbeta.timesofindia.com/Article.aspx?eid=31808&articlexml=Cereal-driven-policies-reason-behind-galloping-pulse-prices-26102015016021 ''The Times of India''], Oct 26 2015
 Rajeev Deshpande & Dipak Kumar Dash