Revision as of 13:27, 10 November 2014

2012: Juvenile delinquency in India

100 juveniles booked for murder, 63 held for rape

Dwaipayan Ghosh TNN 2013/06/14

The Times of India

Juvenile delinquency: 2012

New Delhi: The number of juvenile offenders in the city registered a jump in 2012 with a hundred apprehended for murder and 63 for rape, a National Crime Records Bureau report has stated. Though the capital fared better than states like Bihar and Maharashtra, psychologists say it’s time for some on-ground action .

Also, 74 minors were detained for attempt to murder and six for culpable homicide. Eighteen were held for kidnapping and abduction, 10 of whom had targeted girls, while 13 were held for dacoity.

Figures from Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra show that the juvenile crime graph has seen a big spike. While 183 juveniles were held in Maharashtra in 2012 for murder, in MP the figure was 197.

That these youngsters can be as brutal as adults was seen recently when a Class XII student was murdered by his four minor friends in Greater Noida, with police finding his body in Aligarh, 27 km away.

According to psychologist Dileep Majumder, this data calls for a rethink on the legal definition of adolescence. “The report of the Justice Verma Committee has not really dwelt on the adolescence debate. The committee should also have had psychologists throwing light on the mental health of juveniles apprehended for rape which would add perspective to the debate on whether or not the age of trial should be lowered from 18 years to 16 years,” Majumder said. With access to internet, psychiatrists feel that the “aspiration levels of adolescents and adults are slowly becoming the same”.

2013: rape and murder by juveniles

Grave crisis:158% rise in rapes by juveniles

Raj.Shekhar@timesgroup.com New Delhi:

The Times of India Jul 15 2014

Cops Say Hardened Delinquents Mock Law

The release of some disturbing figures by NCRB (National Crime Records Bureau). The involvement of juveniles in cases of rape in the capital shot up by 158% in 2013 (163 cases) as against 2012 (63). And there was a 30% increase in overall crimes committed by juveniles during the same period.

One hundred and sixty three juveniles were apprehended on rape charges and 76 in murder cases last year.

That the law is not proving to be a deterrent is quite evident. The involvement of juveniles in the trademark crime of burglary and snatching also went up. There were 928 cases in 2013 as against 523 the year before. Going by these statistics, the concern expressed by the minister is quite valid. In fact, since the Nirbhaya case, Delhi Police has been demanding that the juvenile age limit be brought down to 16.

“Recently , three boys--aged nine, 12 and 14 --took a seven-year-old girl to a park on the pretext of plucking mangoes and took turns to rape and sodomize her in west Delhi's Paschim Vihar. Also, a juvenile servant masterminded arobbery and murder of a war hero in Patel Nagar in early June. However, the punishment for them will be negligible. Most of the juveniles we catch are aware that being underage grants them a special status,” said a senior cop.

Police say they are helpless in tackling crimes committed by minors, especially in the borderline age-group. Police officers recall the case of Sonu, who burgled and set houses on fire. He would openly threaten them, saying he would be out in a month as he was 16 and teach the cops a lesson. The special task force of south district had nabbed a criminal who roamed around with a fake age certificate and claimed to be a minor whenever he was caught.

In the past three years, juveniles have been found involved in rapes, gruesome murders of elderly and robberies. A gang of five minors who had dramatically escaped from a city juvenile home last year on October 5 amid rioting and arson had murdered a jeweller's wife in Mayur Vihar a month later and fled with 50kg of silver jewellery and Rs 10 lakh in cash from the house. A juvenile who was just 10 days short of being a major was among them.

About a dozen break-outs from correctional homes were reported in the past two years.

However, police stood by as mute spectators while juveniles vandalized the homes as they weren't allowed to go in. Times View This newspaper has consistently argued for making the definition of who is a juvenile flexible based on the nature of the crime. This is by no means a novel idea. Many countries follow such a principle of not making the distinction between adults and juveniles absolute. This is necessary because at stake here are not just the human rights of the accused but also the rights of those whom they have victimized. In many parts of the world, a balance is achieved by calibrating the age below which a person is considered juvenile to the nature of the crime. For heinous crimes like murder or rape, the age limits are lower. Given how often juveniles in India are involved in such violent crimes, we need a similar approach to the law.

Rape by juveniles

2002-2012

143% spurt in rape by juveniles in past decade, record shows

Deeptiman Tiwary, TNN | Aug 24, 2013

The Times of India Aug 24, 2013

Government data shows crimes by juveniles — specially rape and abduction of women — has seen an exponential rise in the past decade. While rape by juveniles has recorded a 143% spurt, abduction of women has jumped by 380% even though overall rise in juvenile crimes recorded under various sections of the Indian Penal Code (IPC) has been only 50% against figures for 2002. Even theft (64.5%) and murder (86.4%) have recorded smaller jumps compared to rape and abduction by juveniles.

It has also been observed that the share of teens — aged between 16 and 18 — in juvenile crimes has steadily increased. From 48.7% in 2002, it has gone up to 66.5% in 2012. In 2011, it stood at 63.9%.

Maharashtra, in particular, has had a poor show as far as controlling juvenile crimes are concerned. With 4,570 cases of juvenile crimes, Maharashtra was second only to Madhya Pradesh (5,446) and together with states like Assam (2,345), Chhattisgarh (2,180), Rajasthan (1,880) and Andhra Pradesh (1,593) accounted for 64.5% of all juvenile crimes. It also ended up with maximum juvenile arrests — at 4,221 — in the 16-18 age group.

In cases of rape by juveniles too, Maharashtra was among top five states in 2012 with 89 cases, next only to Madhya Pradesh (249), UP (110) and Rajasthan (102). Delhi — notorious for its attitude towards women and infamous for the December 16, 2012 gang rape involving a minor accused — recorded 57 rapes by juveniles last year.

Given that the alleged accused in the Mumbai gang rape have turned out to be petty thieves, Maharashtra has more reasons to worry as it accounts for maximum thefts by juveniles accounting for 19.8% of all juvenile thefts in the country.

A Mumbai Police officer explained, "Controlling juvenile crimes is a challenge as it is not merely linked to law and order but also the socio-economic dynamics of the society. Most juvenile criminals come from extremely poor backgrounds, start with stealing and then slowly start indulging in bigger crimes, including robbery, murder and rape. So many of them go back to their old ways even after getting caught and spending time in juvenile homes. It's not just the fear of the law that will stop this."

Data from National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB) backs the analysis. More than 78% of juvenile criminals came from families earning less than Rs 50,000 a year.

Juvenile rapists: 2010-2012

Juvenile rapists on the rise across the country

Jayaraj Sivan, TNN | Jun 19, 2013

The Times of India

CHENNAI: Even as a debate rages over whether or not criminal offenders in the 16-18 age group should be treated as juvenile delinquents, instances of juveniles coming into conflict with the law, especially in cases of heinous crimes such as rape, are on the rise.

Between 2010 and 2012, there was a 233% increase in juveniles getting apprehended on rape charges in Tamil Nadu. While Odisha saw the maximum increase in percentage terms (411%), in actual numbers Madhya Pradesh (284) still accounted for maximum juvenile rapists in the country, as per the latest statistics released by the National Crime Records Bureau for 2012.

Uttar Pradesh reported the second highest number of juvenile rapists with 123 arrests. There were 109 arrests in Rajasthan, 106 in Maharashtra, 89 in West Bengal, 87 in Odisha and 81 in Andhra Pradesh. New Delhi, which is gaining notoriety as the rape capital of India, reported 63 arrests of juveniles on rape charges. In Tamil Nadu and Kerala, 30 juveniles each were arrested on rape charges and 13 were apprehended in neighbouring Karnataka.

While a section of society advocates lowering the age of juvenile delinquents and meting out deterrent punishment to tackle such crimes, psychologists and child rights activists differ.

TN: 95% delinquents live with parents

Most TN juvenile offenders live with parents, only 5% homeless

Sindhu Kannan,TNN | Nov 10, 2014 The Times of India

CHENNAI: If you thought children without family guidance are more likely to take to crime, these statistics will disabuse you of the notion.

A majority of the 2,949 juveniles detained for being in conflict with law in the state in 2013 lived with their parents or guardians at the time they committed their offences, show statistics from the State Crime Records Bureau (SCRB), Tamil Nadu (TN). The data shows that only 5% of juvenile offenders were homeless, contrary to the widespread perception that most children who run afoul of the rules do not have parents or older relatives to supervise them.

The SCRB statistics reflect the findings of a study, 'Juvenile Delinquency and Family Structure', by students of Elon University, North Carolina, which international journals have published. The study found that the less communication there is within a family and the less stable the structure of a family is, the more likely a child is to engage in delinquent activities. It said family can play both negative and positive roles in the development of children and that juvenile delinquents are often the product of fragmented families.

The assumption that education is likely to deter children from committing offences may also be misplaced. Of the juveniles detained in Tamil Nadu, 1,250 went to primary school or higher. Only 327 did not have any schooling.

Though half of the state's juvenile offenders were from poor families, worryingly, middle-class families accounted for 20% of the children who committed offences.

Psychologists say the functioning of a family, impact of disruption in a family, and being raised by a single parent are crucial to whether or not a child is likely to display delinquent behaviour.

"Children who are rejected by their parents, those who grow up in families with considerable conflict and those who are inadequately supervised are at the greatest risk of becoming juveniles in conflict with the law," counsellor Preethi Manoharan said.

"Monitoring becomes increasingly important as children enter adolescence and spend less time under the direct supervision of their parents and more time with their peers," she said. "Lack of monitoring is reflected in the parent not knowing where the child is at any given time, whom the child is with, what the child is doing or when the child will be home."

Most of the state's juvenile offenders were guilty of theft, with the second largest number being involved in burglary. Fewer juveniles faced charges of murder or attempted murder. No juveniles were involved in cases of criminal breach of trust or trading in counterfeit currency.

Tamil Nadu recorded a marginal decrease in offences by juveniles this year at 2,949, compared to 3,000 in 2012.

Statistics of juvenile delinquency: 2001-11